Control Statements are statements that control the flow of code in any PHP program and decides which code will be executed when and in which situation will not be Execute. PHP also has many Statements which contain code Flow is used to control. We know that any program is a set of statements, which in general are written in the Source File. They are Execute in the same order. Execution of Statements written in a program, in which order is called, is called Flow of control.
Types of Control Statement or Control Structure in php
In PHP, we can divide different types of Conditional Statements in two main sections.
- Conditional Statements.
- Loop Statements.
Conditional Statements
These are the following types.
- if statement
- if-else statement
- switch statement
if statement
If statement is a control statement used to test a particular condition. The condition is only executed once the condition is true.And if conditions are false then condition is not execute.Its syntex has been given below.
| Syntex | Example |
| if(condition){
// if condition true, statement of here will be executed } |
if(6<8){
// execute condition here because condition is true } |
if-else Statement
If-else statement is used to test a particular condition. If statement is true then if statement is executed, else condition is executed if condition is false.
Switch Statement
This statement is also a selection statement that defines different paths for the execution of a program. The switch statement is a multi-way branch statement. The switch statement is the same as if statement. There are cases in the switch statement. You give a choice. The case of the switch which matches the choice, becomes the same execute. When no case matches, the default case becomes execute.
Loop Statements
These are the following types.
- While Loop
- Do-While Loop
- For Loop
- For Each Loop
While Loop
while loop executes the statements until the condition remains true. When the execution of the statement of the statement is stopped when the condition is false. You give a condition to control the loop. The value of that condition changes with every loop, and then it changes. Unless the condition becomes false. If you do not increase the condition variable, the condition will never be false and the execution of the loop will continue.
Syntax
while (condition is true) {
code to be executed;
}
Example
<?php
$x = 1;
while($x <= 5) {
echo "The number is: $x <br>";
$x++;
}
?>
output//
The number is: 1
The number is: 2
The number is: 3
The number is: 4
The number is: 5
Do-While loop
Do while loop is the same as in the loop just before the statements are executed and condition is checked later. Do while loop statements are initially executed even if the condition is true or false. This is because condition in the do while loop is checked later.
Syntax
do {
code to be executed;
} while (condition is true);
Example
<?php
$x = 1;
do {
echo "The number is: $x <br>";
$x++;
} while ($x <= 5);
?>
The number is: 1
The number is: 2
The number is: 3
The number is: 4
The number is: 5
For Loop
For loop is a very simple loop. In this loop you initialize the variables that control the loop, type the condition and increment the variable, and all of these are in one place.
Syntax
for (init counter; test counter; increment counter) {
code to be executed;
}
Example
<?php
for ($x = 1; $x <= 10; $x++) {
echo "The number is: $x <br>";
}
?>
The number is: 1
The number is: 2
The number is: 3
The number is: 4
The number is: 5
The number is: 6
The number is: 7
The number is: 8
The number is: 9
The number is: 10
For Each Loop
For each loop arrays, it’s designed to be iterate. These loops only work with arrays. If you use it with variables, then this error shows. With For each loop, you can easily perform operations on array elements.
Syntax
foreach ($array as $value) {
code to be executed;
}
Example
<?php
$name = array("jyoti", "rahul", "sonam", "khusi");
foreach ($name as $value) {
echo "$value <br>";
}
?>
output///
jyoti
rahul
sonam
khusi